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Tromb-al-ca-zar, ou Les criminels dramatiques : ウィキペディア英語版 | Tromb-al-ca-zar, ou Les criminels dramatiques
''Tromb-al-ca-zar, ou Les criminels dramatiques'' is a ''bouffonnerie musicale'' in one act of 1856 with music by Jacques Offenbach. The French libretto was by Charles-Désiré Dupeuty and Ernest Bourget.〔Lamb A. "Jacques Offenbach (List of stage works)". In: ''The New Grove Dictionary of Opera''. Macmillan, London and New York, 1997.〕 With its dialogue containing plays on words and stage business from contemporary Parisian dramas and operas, it is described by Kracauer as satirizing the romantic bandits of grand opera.〔Kracauer, S. ''Offenbach and the Paris of his time'' (translated by David, G. and Mosbacher, E.) Constable, London, 1937.〕 ''Tromb-al-ca-zar'' was premiered in the Théâtre des Bouffes-Parisiens, Salle Choiseul in Paris, preceded by two cantatas by Offenbach, ''Le Berceau'' and ''La Paix du monde''.〔Yon, Jean-Claude. ''Jacques Offenbach.'' Éditions Gallimard, Paris, 2000.〕 Successful numbers such as the bolero for Hortense Schneider and the song about Bayonne ham, made the work popular along with the in-jokes, despite the thin plot; it was revived at the Bouffes-Parisiens for several years afterwards. As well as "extravagant parodies both of specific more serious musical works", the work pokes fun at the brigand element in romantic opera generally.〔Gänzl K. ''The Encyclopedia of the Musical Theatre.'' Blackwell, Oxford, 1994.〕 After opening at the Bouffes-Parisiens, Schneider made such an impression on Prince Jérôme Bonaparte, cousin of the emperor, that the company was summoned to give a command performance of the piece at his home.〔Harding J. ''Jacques Offenbach.'' John Calder, London, 1980.〕 ''Tromb-al-ca-zar'' was performed in Brussels in September 1858 and in Vienna in March 1862,〔 and mounted in London in English in 1870.〔Traubner, R. ''Operetta – a theatrical history.'' Oxford University Press, Oxford, 1983.〕 ==Roles==
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